Technical Results
Technical Results
| Title | Author(s) | Year | Project ID |
| Assessment of Incompatibility of HVAC Equipment and Ground Fault Circuit Interrupter (GFCI) Breakers-Phase | Report | S. Bunton, A. Wright, S. Minehan | 2023 | AHRI-8029 |
| Role of Combustion-based Building Equipment in Decarbonization | P. Glanville | 2023 | AHRI-8030 |
| Repeatability and Reproducibility Assessment of CSA EXP07:19 and AHRI 210-240:2023 | P. Dhillon, T. Horton, J. Braun | 2022 | AHRI–8026 |
| Risk Assessment of Transport Refrigeration Systems Using A2L Flammable Refrigerants, | T. Lewandowski and J. Kondziolka | 2022 | AHRI-8023 |
| A2L Refrigerants and Firefighter Tactical Considerations | G. Hunter | 2021 | AHRI–8028 |
| Assessment of Hydrogen Enriched Natural Gas | .A. Needley and L. Peronski | 2021 | AHRI–8024 |
| Investigation of Energy Produced by Potential Ignition Sources in Residential Application | D.K. Kim and P.B. Sunderland | 2017 | AHRI–8017 |
| The Effect of Lower Return Air Temperatures on Furnace Heat Exchangers | R. Sandstrom et al | 2017 | AHRI–8014 |
| Field Evaluation Methods of Combustion Equipment in Residences | N. Hughes and C. Suchovsky | 2017 | AHRI–8011 |
| Review of Refrigerant Management Programs | Navigant Consulting | 2016 | AHRI–8018 |
| Risk Assessment of Class 2L Refrigerants in Commercial Rooftop Units | B. Goetzler et al | 2016 | AHRI–8016 |
| Developing Fan Power Terminal Unit Performance Data and Models Compatible with Energy Plus | D. O'Neal et al, J. Bryan et al, and P. Yin | 2016 | AHRI–8012 |
| A Study of Methods to Represent Compressor Performance Data over an Operating Envelope Based on a Finite Set of Test Data | V. Aute, C. Martin, and R. Radermacher | 2015 | AHRI–8013 |
| Risk Assessment of Refrigeration Systems Using A2L Flammable Refrigerants | Gradient Corp | 2015 | AHRI–8009 |
| Material Compatibility & Lubricants Research for Low–GWP Refrigerants–Phase II: Chemical and Material Compatibility of Low GWP Refrigerants with HVACR Materials of Construction | J. Majurin et al | 2014 | AHRI–8007 |
| The Impact of Duct Design on Life Cycle Costs of Central Residential Heating and Air–conditioning Systems | B. Stephens | 2014 | AHRI–8002 |
| Universal Vent Test Report | P. Glanville | 2013 | AHRI–8010 |
| Low Global Warming Potential (GWP) Refrigerants, Phase II: Defining the Configurations of Residential Air–Conditioning and Heat Pump Systems Using Hydrocarbons, Ammonia, Carbon Dioxide, and HFO–1234yf as Refrigerants and Meeting Previously Defined Safety Requirements | W. Goetzler, D. Westphalen, and J. Burgos | 2013 | AHRI–8006 |
| Risk Assessment of Class 2L Refrigerants in Chiller Systems | B. Goetzler, M. Guernsey, and C. Weber | 2013 | AHRI–8005 |
| Risk Assessment of Residential Heat Pump Systems Using 2L Flammable Refrigerants | T. Lewandowski | 2012 | AHRI–8004 |
| Technical Feasibility Study Carbon Monoxide Sensing Safety Systems for Appliances | D. Kalensky, and F. Johnson | 2011 | AHRI–8001 |
| Thermal Stability and Chemical Compatibility of R–22 Replacement Refrigerants | R. Cavestri, M. El–Shazly, and D. Seeger–Clevenger | 2010 | AHRI–8003 |
|
Title |
Author(s) |
Year |
Project ID |
| Materials Compatibility and Lubricants Research for Low GWP Refrigerants: Chemical Stability of Low GWP Refrigerants with Lubricants | S. Kujak et al. | 2022 | AHRTI–9016-1 |
| Assessment of Refrigerant Leakage Mitigation Effectiveness for Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Equipment | M. Skierkiewicz and B. Rodgers | 2021 | AHRTI-9015 |
| Refrigerant Detector Characteristics for Use in HVACR Equipment | J. Zheng and S. Elbel | 2021 | AHRTI–9014 |
| Experimental Study on the Consequences of Full-scale Ignition Events Involving the A2L Refrigerant R-454C | S. Davis and J. Pagliaro | 2019 | AHRTI–9013 |
| Benchmarking Risk by Whole Room Scale Leaks and Ignitions Testing of A3 Refrigerants | G. Hunter | 2019 | AHRTI–9007–02 |
| Experimental Study on the Consequences of Full-scale Ignition Events Involving the A2L Refrigerant R-454C | S. Davis and J. Pagliaro | 2019 | AHRTI–9013 |
| Hot Surface Ignition of A2L Refrigerants | M. Cundy | 2017 | AHRTI–9008 |
| Leak Detection of A2L Refrigerants in HVACR Equipment | M. Wagner and R. Ferenchiak, | 2017 | AHRTI–9009 |
| Benchmarking Risk by Whole Room Scale Leaks and Ignitions Testing of A2L Refrigerants | P. Gandhi et al | 2017 | AHRTI–9007–01 |
| Joining Techniques Assessment | D. Clodic and Y. Yu | 2014 | AHRTI–9006 |
| ASHRAE SPC 177P Fractionation Apparatus Evaluation | A. Kusmierz | 2013 | AHRTI–9005 |
| Novel Materials for Heat Exchangers, Phase II Report | A Jacobi et al | 2013 | AHRTI–06030–02 |
| Performance Standards for Walk–in Refrigerator and Freezer Systems | B. Becker, B. Fricke, and B. Sartin, | 2012 | AHRTI–9002–01 |
| Material Compatibility & Lubricants Research for Low GWP Refrigerants – Phase I: Thermal and Chemical Stability of Low GWP Refrigerants with Lubricants | N. D. Rohatgi, R. W. Clark, and D. R. Hurst | 2012 | AHRTI–9004–01 |
| Void Fraction Measurement and Modeling for Condensing Refrigerant Flows in Small Diameter Tubes | T.A. Shedd | 2012 | AHRTI–20110–01 |
| Life Cycle Climate Performance Model for Residential Heat Pump Systems | M. Zhang et al | 2011 | AHRTI–9003–01 |
| Review of Regulations and Standards for the Use of Refrigerants with GWP Values Less than 20 in HVAC&R Applications | W. Goetzler et al | 2010 | ARTI–09001–01 |
| Particle Image Velocimetry Measurements and CFD–Based Predictions of Air Distribution at Evaporator Inlet and Outlet | D. Yashar and P. Domanski | 2009 | ARTI–07010–01 |
| Novel Materials for Heat Exchangers, Phase I Report | A. Jacobi et al | 2008 | ARTI–06030–01 |
| Electro–Osmosis for Dehumidification | D. Gerlach | 2008 | ARTI–10090–02 |
| Recovery of Throttling Losses by a Two–Phase Ejector in a Vapor Compression Cycle | F. Liu and E. Groll | 2008 | ARTI–10110–01 |
| Near–Critical/Supercritical Heat Transfer Measurements of R–410A in Small Diameter Tube | S. Garimella | 2008 | ARTI–20120–01 |
| Electrostatic Forces and Water Sprays for Temperature, Humidity, and Indoor Air Quality Control | J. Hensley and J. Bryan | 2008 | ARTI-20140–01 |
| Thermoelectric Technology Assessment | Yang | 2007 | ARTI–10120–01 — currently in development |
| Whole House Ventilation System Options – Phase 1 Simulation Study | J. Lstiburek, B. Pettit, and A. Rudd | 2007 | ARTI–30090–01 |
21CR Program Reports
Electronic copies of 21CR project reports are available upon request from AHRI Vice President of Research.
|
Report |
Author Name |
|
Strategic Planning for the HVACR Industry, Report I – Industry Opportunities |
J. M. Tooman, Inc., 2001 |
|
Strategic Planning for the HVACR Industry, Report II – Research Recommendations |
J. M. Tooman, Inc., 2001 |
|
ARTI Report Name |
Report Author(s) |
Report ID |
|
The Efficiency Limits of Water Vapor Compressors Suitable for Air–Conditioning Applications |
Wright, Yoshinaka, Le Drew, and D'Orsi, 2000 |
ARTI–21CR/605–10010–01 |
|
Microchannel Heat Exchangers with Carbon Dioxide |
Zhao, Ohadi, and Radermacher, 2001 |
ARTI–21CR/605–10020–01 |
|
Evaluation of the Performance Potential of Carbon Dioxide (CO2) as a Refrigerant in Air–to–Air Air Conditioners and Heat Pumps: System Modeling and Analysis |
Ortiz, Li and Groll, 2003 |
ARTI–21CR/610–10030–01 |
|
Evaluating the Performance of Thermoacoustic Cooling |
Braun, Mongeau, Minner, Alexander, and Paek, 2001 |
ARTI–21CR/610–10040–01 |
|
Fundamental Understanding of Heat and Mass Transfer in Ammonia–Water Absorber |
Garimella, 2006 |
ARTI–21CR/612–10050–01 Interim Report – Phase 1 |
|
Fundamental Understanding of Heat and Mass Transfer in Ammonia–Water Absorber — Phase 2 |
Garimella, 2007 |
ARTI–21CR/612–10050–02 Final Report — Phase 2 |
|
Carbon Dioxide (CO2) Compressor–Expander Analysis |
Huff and Radermacher, 2003 |
TI–21CR/611–10060–01 |
|
Measurement of Performance of Carbon Dioxide Compressors |
Hubacher and Groll, 2002 |
ARTI–21CR/611–10070–01 |
|
Model and Evaluation Tools for Assessing Magnetocaloric Effect for Space Conditioning and Refrigeration Applications |
Engelbrecht, Nellis, and Klein, 2005 |
ARTI–21CR–612–10075–01 |
|
Use of Water Vapor as a Refrigerant: Part II; Cycle Modifications and System Impacts on Commercial Feasibility |
Lachner Jr., Nellis, and Reindl, 2004 |
ARTI–21CR/611–10080–01 |
|
ARTI Report Name |
Report Author(s) |
Report ID |
|
Evaluating the Ability of Unitary Equipment to Maintain Adequate Space Humidity Levels |
Brandemuehl and Katejanekarn, 2001 |
ARTI–21CR/605–20010–01 |
|
Evaluating the Ability of Unitary Equipment to Maintain Adequate Space Humidity Levels — Phase II |
Witte and Henninger, 2006 |
ARTI–21CR/605–20011–01 |
|
An Assessment of the State–of–the–Art and Potential Design Improvements, for Flat–tube Heat Exchangers in Air–Conditioning and Refrigeration Applications — Phase I |
Jacobi, Park, Tafti, and Zhang, 2001 |
ARTI–21CR/605–20020–01 |
|
Flat–Tube Heat Exchangers in Air–Conditioning and Refrigeration Applications — Phase II |
Jacobi, Park, Zhong, Michna, and Xia, 2005 |
ARTI–21CR/611–20021–01 |
|
Application of High–Temperature Mold Materials to Die Cast Copper Motor Rotor for Improved Efficiency |
author |
link |
|
Economical Copper Rotor Production |
Peters, Cowie, Brush, Jr., and Midson, 2003 |
ARTI–21CR/605–20030–01 |
|
Motor Test Results, Copper vs. Aluminum |
Brush, Jr., Cowie, Peters, and Van Son, 2003 |
ARTI–21CR/605–20030–02 |
|
Refrigerant Evaporation Characteristics Inside Flat Passages |
Thome and Quiben, 2005 |
ARTI–21CR/605–20040–01 |
|
Potential Benefits of Smart Refrigerant Distributors |
Payne and Domanski, 2003 |
ARTI–21CR/610–20050–01 |
|
High Condensing Temperature Heat Transfer Performance of Low Critical Temperature Refrigerants |
High Condensing Temperature Heat Transfer Performance of Low Critical Temperature Refrigerants. (ARTI–21CR/610–20060–01) |
ARTI–21CR/610–20060–01 |
|
Variable Primary Flow Chilled Water Systems: Potential Benefits and Application Issues |
Bahnfleth and Peyer, 2004 |
ARTI–21CR/611–20070–01 |
|
Critical Literature Review on Lubricant Influence in Refrigerant Heat Transfer and Pressure Drop |
Shen and Groll, 2003 |
ARTI–21CR/611–20080–01 |
|
Comparison of the Total Energy Consumption of Series vs. Parallel Fan Powered VAV Terminal Units |
N/A |
1292–RP |
|
Phase I Development of Models for Series and Parallel Fan Variable Air Volume Terminal Units |
Furr, Jr., O'Neal, Davis, Bryant; and Cramlet, 2007 |
ARTI–21CR/612–20090–01, Phase 1 Report |
|
Phase 2 Comparison of the Total Energy Consumption of Series versus Parallel Fan Powered VAV Terminal Units |
Davis; Bryant, O'Neal, Hervey; and Cramlet, 2007 |
ARTI–21CR/612–20090–02, Phase 2 Report |
|
ARTI Report Name |
Report Author(s) |
Report ID |
|
Defining the Effectiveness of UV Lamps Installed in Circulating Air Ductwork |
N/A |
N/A |
|
ARTI–21CR/610–40030–01 |
VanOsdell and Foarde |
ARTI–21CR/610–40030–01 |
|
Investigation of Building Exhaust Air Re–Entrainment Into Outdoor Air Intakes of Packaged Outdoor HVAC Equipment — Phase I |
Stickford, Saunders, Hesse, Osborne, and Talbert, 2002 |
ARTI–21CR/610–40040–01 |
|
Investigation of Building Exhaust Air Re–Entrainment Into Outdoor Air Intakes of Packaged Outdoor HVAC Equipment — Phase II |
Osborne, Aume, Goshe, Ricci, and Talbert, 2005 |
ARTI–21CR/612–40041–01 |
|
The Role of Filtration in Maintaining Clean Heat Exchanger Coils |
Yang, Braun, and Groll, 2004 |
ARTI–21CR/611–40050–01 |
|
Simulating the Performance of Natural and Hybrid Ventilation Systems in U.S. Office Buildings |
Emmerich and Crum, 2005 |
ARTI–21CR/611–40076–01 |
|
Portable Mold Detectors — Operating Requirements |
Harriman, 2004 |
N/A |
|
ARTI–21CR/612–40080–01 |
N/A |
ARTI–21CR/612–40080–01 |
|
Portable Mold Detectors — Survey of Potential Technologies |
Harriman, 2005 |
N/A |
|
ARTI–21CR/612–40080–02 |
N/A |
ARTI–21CR/612–40080–02 |
|
Portable Mold Detectors — Technical Feasibility and Operational Requirements |
De Jesús, Balasubramanian, Bayer, Greneker, Harriman, Hendry, Rowland, Showman, Sylvester, and Trostel, 2006 |
ARTI–21CR/612–40080–03 |
|
ARTI Report Name |
Report Author(s) |
Report ID |
|
Investigation of R–410A Air Conditioning System Performance Operating at Extreme Ambient Temperatures up to the Refrigerant Critical Point – ORNL |
Rice, 2005 |
ARTI–21CR/605–50015–01 |
|
Determination of Refrigerant Lower Flammability Limits in Compliance with Proposal Addendum 34p to ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 34 (ASHRAE 1073–RP) |
Wilson and Richard, 2002 |
ARTI–21CR/605–50020–01 |
|
Assessment of the Commercial Implications of ASHRAE A3 Flammable Refrigerants Used in Air Conditioning and Refrigeration Systems, |
Goetzler and Dieckmann, 2001 |
ARTI–21CR/610–50025–01 |
|
Study of the Effects of Water in Synthetic Lubricant Systems and Clathrate Formation |
Rohatgi, 2001 |
ARTI–21CR/610–50035–01 |
|
Development of a Reproducible Screening Method to Determine the Mechanism and Effect of Organic Acids and other Contaminants on the Corrosion of Aluminum–finned Copper–tube Heat Exchanger Coils |
Corbett and Severance, 2005 |
ARTI–21CR/611–50055–01 |
|
Using Acid Number as a Leading Indicator of Refrigeration and Air Conditioning System Performance |
Cartlidge and Schellhase, 2003 |
ARTI–21CR/611–50060–01 |
|
Properties and Cycle Performance of Refrigerant Blends Operating Near and Above the Refrigerant Critical Point |
||
|
Task 1 — Refrigerant Properties |
McLinden, Laesecke, Lemmon, Magee, and Perkins, 2002 |
ARTI–21CR/605–50010–01–Pt1 |
|
Task 2: Air Conditioner System Study |
Domanski andPayne, 2002 |
ARTI–21CR/605–50010–01–Pt2 |
MCLR Program Reports
All reports have since been consolidated in electronic format on CD–ROM and is available upon request from the AHRI Vice President of Research.
|
Report Name |
Report Author(s) |
Report ID |
|
Thermophysical Properties |
Kayser, 1993 |
|
|
Thermophysical Properties of HFC–143a and HFC–152a |
Haynes, 1994 |
|
|
Thermophysical Properties of HCFC Alternatives |
Haynes, 1996 |
|
|
Development of the REFPROP Database and Transport Properties of Refrigerants |
McLinden, 1998 |
|
|
ARTI Refrigerant Database — Primary and Recently–added Citations |
Calm, 1999 |
|
|
ARTI Refrigerant Database — Archival and Historical Citations |
Calm, 1999 |
|
|
ARTI Refrigerant Database Data summaries — Volume I: Single–compound Refrigerants |
Calm, 1999 |
|
|
ARTI Refrigerant Database Data summaries – Volume II: Blends (Zeotropes and Azeotropes) |
Calm, 1999 |
|
|
ARTI Refrigerant Database Data summaries – Volume III: Toxicity and Compatibility |
Calm, 1999 |
|
|
Toxicity Data to Determine Refrigerant Concentration Limits |
Calm, 2000 |
|
|
Foaming Characteristics of Refrigerant / Lubricants Mixtures |
Goswami, Shah, Jotshi, Bhagwat, Leung, Gregory, and Lu, 1998 |
|
Report Name |
Report Author(s) |
Report ID |
|
Chemical and Thermal Stability of Refrigerant–lubricant Mixtures with Metals |
Huttenlocher 1992 |
|
|
Accelerated Screening Methods for Determining Chemical and Thermal Stability of Refrigerant–lubricant Mixtures |
Kauffman,1995 |
DOE/CE/23810–41: |
|
Accelerated Screening Methods for Determining Chemical and Thermal Stability of Refrigerant–lubricant Mixtures, Part I: Method Assessment |
Kauffman, 1993 |
|
/media/7091DOE Report Name |
Report Author(s) |
Report ID |
|
Compatibility of Refrigerants and Lubricants with Motor Materials |
Doerr and Kujak, 1993 |
DOE/CE/23810–13: |
|
Compatibility of Refrigerants and Lubricants with Motor Materials under Retrofit Conditions |
Doerr and Waite, 1996 |
DOE/CE/23810–63: |
|
Compatibility of Refrigerant and Lubricants with Elastomers |
Hamed, Seiple,and Taikum, 1994 |
|
|
Compatibility of Refrigerant and Lubricants with Engineering Plastics |
Cavestri, 1993 |
|
|
Sealed Tube Comparisons of the Compatibility of Desiccants with Refrigerants and Lubricants |
Field, 1995 |
|
|
Compatibility of Manufacturing Process Fluids with R–134a and Polyolester Lubricant |
Cavestri and Schooley, 1996 |
|
|
Compatibility of Lubricant Additives with HFC Refrigerants and Synthetic Lubricants, Part I |
Cavestri, 1997 |
|
|
Documentation of Newly Developed Methods to Assess Material Compatibility in Refrigeration and Air–Conditioning Applications |
Hawley, 1994 |
DOE/CE/23810–47 |
|
Accelerated Test Methods for Predicting the Life of Motor Materials Exposed to Refrigerant–lubricant Mixtures |
Ellis II and Ferguson, 2000 |
DOE/CE/23810–94 |
|
DOE Report Name |
Report Author(s) |
Report ID |
|
Theoretical Evaluation of R22 and R502 Alternatives |
Domanski and Didion, 1993 |
|
|
Evaluation of HFC–245ca for Commercial use in Low Pressure Chillers |
Keuper, Hamm, and Glamm, 1996 |
DOE/CE/23810–67: |
|
Electrohydrodynamic (EHD) Enhancement of Pool and in–tube Boiling of Alternate Refrigerants |
Ohadi, Dessiatoun, Singh, Fanni, 1993 |
|
|
Impact of Air and Refrigerant Maldistributions on the Performance of Finned–tube Evaporators with R–22 and R–407C |
Lee and Domanski, 1997 |
DOE/CE/23810–81 |
|
DOE Report Name |
Report Author(s) |
Report ID |
|
Miscibility of Lubricants with Refrigerants |
Pate, Zoz, and Berkenbosch, 1993 |
|
|
Solubility, Viscosity and Density of Refrigerant/lubricant Mixtures |
Henderson, 1994 |
|
|
Measurement of Viscosity, Density, and Gas Solubility of Refrigerant Blends in Selected Synthetic Lubricants |
Cavestri, 1995 |
|
|
Study of Lubricant Circulation in HVAC Systems |
Biancardi, Michels, Sienel, and Pandy, 1996 |
DOE/CE/23810–71: |
|
Elastohydrodynamic Lubrication with Polyolester Lubricants and HFC Refrigerants |
Gunsel and Pozebanchuk, 1999 |
DOE/CE/23810–102: |
|
Accelerated Screening Methods for Predicting Lubricant Performance in Refrigerant Compressors |
Cusano, Yoon, and Poppe, 1994 |
|
DOE Report Name |
Report Author(s) |
Report ID |
|
Methods Development for Measuring and Classifying Flammability/Combustibility of Refrigerants, Task 1: Annotated Bibliography and Summary |
Heinonen and Tapscott, 1994 |
|
|
Methods Development for Measuring and Classifying Flammability/Combustibility of Refrigerants, Task 2: Test Plan |
Heinonen and Tapscott, 1994 |
|
|
Methods Development for Measuring and Classifying Flammability/Combustibility of Refrigerants, Task 3: Laboratory Test Results |
Heinonen, Tapscott, and Crawford, 1994 |
|
|
Lean Flammability Limit as a Fundamental Refrigerant Property, Phase I |
Womeldorf, King, and Grosshandler, 1995 |
|
|
Lean Flammability Limit as a Fundamental Refrigerant Property, Phase II |
Womeldorf and Grosshandler, 1996 |
|
|
Lean Flammability Limit as a Fundamental Refrigerant Property, Phase III |
Grosshandler, Donnelly, and Womeldorf, 1998 |
|
|
Investigation into the Fractionation of Refrigerant Blends |
Biancardi, Michels, Sienel, and Pandy, 1996 |
|
|
Refrigerant Flammability Testing in Large Volume Vessels, Flammability Criterion Determination for ASTM E681 |
Richard, 1998 |
|
|
Risk Assessment of HFC–32 and HFC–32/134a (30/70 wt%) in Split System Residential Heat Pumps |
Goetzler, Bendixen, and Bartholomew, 1998 |
|
DOE Report Name |
Report Author(s) |
Report ID |
|
Investigation of Flushing and Clean–out Methods for Refrigeration Equipment to Ensure System Compatibility |
Byrne, Shows, and Abel, 1996 |
DOE/CE/23810–73 |
|
Products of Motor Burnout |
Hawley–Fedder, Goerz, Koester, and Wilson, 1996 |
|
|
Effect of Selected Contaminants in Air Conditioning and Refrigeration Equipment, |
Cavestri, Falconi, Ruona, and Schooley, 2000 |
|
|
Effects of Temperature on Desiccant Catalysis of Refrigerant and Lubricant Decompositions |
Rohatgi, 1998 |
|
|
Equilibrium Point Dryness and Water Capacity of Desiccants with Alternative Refrigerants |
Cavestri and Schafer, 2000 |
|
|
Water Solubility and Clathrate Hydrates in HFC Refrigerants and Refrigerant Blends |
Cavestri and Schafer, 2000 |
|
|
Infrared Analysis of Refrigerant Mixtures |
Morse, 1998 |
|
|
Methods Development for Organic Contaminant Determination in Fluorocarbon Refrigerant Azeotropes and Blends |
Byrne, Abel, and Gbur, 1998 |
DOE/CE/23810–85 |
|
Development and Consolidation of Gas Chromatography Methods for Appendix C to ARI 700 |
Byrne, Gbur, and Gehring, 2000 |